African National Congress formed (South Africa)

The organisation was initially founded as the South African Native National Congress (SANNC) on 8 January 1912 in Bloemfontein, with the aim of fighting for the rights of black South Africans. BlackPast describes the founding of the party as "Africans, Coloreds, and Indians convened a meeting to discuss their grievances against the colonial government." While originally starting as a reformist party, opposing the implementation of apartheid and territorial segregation in 1913, by the 1940's they became more militant. In 1940, Nelson Mandela, Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu were recruited and they formed a Youth League which enacted more radical approaches. You can read more about the history of the anti-apartheid struggle in South Africa on BlackPast.com and SAHistory.org