Striking dockworkers and sailors in Portuguese controlled Guinea Bissau were attacked by Portuguese colonial authorities on this day in 1959, with around 50 people killed and hundreds more injured. The strikers were supported by Amílcar Cabral's group African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (P.A.I.G.C.) which was founded in 1956, and intended to peacefully call for an end to colonial rule. Workers were asking for better wages and working conditions from Casa Gouveia, the colonial company responsible for shipping. The massacre by the authorities was the catalyst for PAIGC's abandonment of nonviolence and the beginning of their ultimately successful armed struggle for independence. PAIGC would control ~80% of the countryside within ten years of popular armed struggle, and full independence would be declared in 1973. August 3rd is now Colonization's Martyr's Day in Guinea Bissau.

This treaty marks the official end of the Northwest Confederacy and the war they fought against settler encroachment across the Ohio River. It established yet another supposedly permanent line over which the settlers would not expand. Inevitably settlers continued past this line, breaking another of their own agreements and leading to further resistance and another confederacy of Native resistance united with Tecumseh who would begin fighting again in 1810. The signatories ceded a large part of what would become Ohio as well as Detroit and Chicago in exchange for trade goods valued at about ~$20,000. Including in the signees were 94 leaders, at least representing Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanees, Ottawas, Chippewas, Pattawatimas, Miamis, Eel Rivers, Weas, Kickapoos, Piankeshaws, and Kaskaskias. It is also an early example of the payment of annuities to Native peoples, although the Treaty of Casco in 1678 had a provision that settlers would provide corn in payment for the land they took.