On this day in 1854, a contingent of soldiers entered a Sicangu and Oglala Lakota camp to apprehend someone accused of killing a Mormon settler's cow. Such issues were supposed to be resolved by the US Indian agent according to treaty agreements. After one of the soldiers fatally shot Chief Matȟó Wayúhi (Conquering Bear), the Sicangu Lakotas returned fire, resulting in the deaths of 29 soldiers, including Lieutenant John Grattan. Chief Matȟó Wayúhi was a signatory of the Fort Laramie Treaty (1851). At this time there had been a drought in the great plains for many years as well as the genocidal slaughter of the buffalo combining to cause mass starvation on great plains tribes including the Sicangu Lakotas. The cow in question had fallen behind as a Mormon settler train passed through the area and it was eaten by a Lakota person from a different band. Negotiations went poorly and Chief Matȟó Wayúhi was shot in the back as he turned away after stating that he had no authority over a person from another band, and that the warrior was his guest. Tȟašúŋke Witkó (Crazy Horse) was present, witnessing the killing as a teenager. This incident led to the opening of a serious of wars which would be known as the Dakota Wars from 1854–1891. In response in September the US Army made a punitive attack known as the Harney Massacre (now in Nebraska). The Sicangu women and children they killed made up nearly half the fatalities; other women and children made up most of the prisoners they took.

From Wikipedia: "The Battle of Blue Licks, fought on August 19, 1782, was one of the last battles of the American Revolutionary War. The battle occurred ten months after Lord Cornwallis's surrender at Yorktown, which had effectively ended the war in the east. On a hill next to the Licking River in what is now Robertson County, Kentucky (then Fayette County, Virginia), a force of 50 Butler's Rangers and 300 Indigenous [Shawnee, Mingo, Wyandot, Miami, Odawa, Ojibwe and Potawatomi] warriors ambushed and routed 182 Kentucky militia, who were partially led by Daniel Boone, the famed frontiersman. [...] The militia dismounted and formed a line of battle several rows deep. They advanced up the hill, [Colonel John] Todd and [Major Hugh] McGary in the center, Trigg on the right, and Boone on the left. As Boone had suspected, the enemy was lying in wait, concealed in ravines. When the Kentuckians reached the summit, the warriors and rangers opened fire with devastating accuracy. Within five minutes, the center and right of the Kentuckians' line began to fall back. Only Boone's men on the left managed to push forward. Todd and [Colonel Stephen] Trigg, easy targets on horseback, were shot dead. The Kentuckians began to flee down the hill, fighting hand-to-hand with the warriors who had flanked them. McGary rode up to Boone and informed him that everyone was retreating and that Boone was in danger of being surrounded. Boone ordered his men to retreat. He grabbed a riderless horse and told his 23-year-old son, Israel Boone, to mount it. Israel suddenly fell to the ground, shot through the neck. Boone realized his son was dead, mounted the horse and joined in the retreat [...] British and Indigenous casualties were negligible. One ranger and 10 warriors were killed with another 14 wounded. The Kentucky militia suffered 77 killed and 6 captured."