This battle was one of seven led by Kas-tziden (Nana) of the Chihenne band (Warm Springs Apache) of the Chiricahua Apache. His leadership was the continuation of Victorio's war after Bidu-ya (Victorio) was fell during an attack by Mexican Army in the Battle of Tres Castillos. By Apache accounts Bidu-ya took his own life by knife rather than be captured. After his death, Kas-tziden took leadership of the survivors of the band along with Lozen, Bidu-ya's sister and important Apache warrior. In this battle Capt. Charles Parker with 18 10th Cavalry Buffalo Soldiers which had been following the band were ambushed in Carrizo Canyon with five troopers killed and one was captured and later killed. One Apache was killed and three were wounded. In less than a month, Kas-tziden fought seven or eight battles stretching over the course of 1,000 miles and killed 30-40 settler Americans. Despite being outnumbered 10-to-1, Nana's band went largely unscathed, accomplishing their raid and outsmarting the Army. The resistance of his band is notable and in particular Kas-tziden is a respected leader as he was quite old, in or near his 80's at this time. Kas-tziden and his band survived the Apache wars, and although they were forcibly removed from their homelands, he did save the Chihenne people from extinction.

Outraged at the outcome of the Treaty of Fort Wayne, Tecumseh and 400 armed warriors of his confederacy traveled to Vincennes, Indiana to confront pro-slavery Indiana territorial governor William Henry Harrison. Tecumseh told Harrison the treaty was illegitimate as no single tribe can sell land without approval of the other tribes. This confrontation led to the outbreak of Tecumseh's war which is considered by historians to be a part of the War of 1812. It also immediately preceeded the Red Sticks war, which was also inspired by Tecumseh. We encourage you to read Tecumseh's passionate speech in full.